Essay Draft

What is required is basically a hole, to show that parts of r sectional reasoning can match with confidence. So the inquiry must be posed; can confidence and reason treat SST? It is totally feasible for normal deduction to be a piece of confidence, or all the more especially strict s confidence. The main point wherein confidence is nonsensical, is the underlying act of pure trust one takes so as to settle on the choice. Other than this underlying hop of visually impaired confidence, where one should completely believe a h Geiger power without complete seeing, each choice after this apparently unreasonable I one, has the full limit with regards to discerning thought.Often times considerations, convictions, and activities are frequently named as reasonable or aggravate IANAL, yet what characterizes something as normal? Levelheadedness is characterized as a quest for NAS were using intelligent talk and target standards. What comes out of this interest is w cap people will in general bel ieve is objective. As a rule, soundness is what is â€Å"best on the table†, it s reason for existing is to give or endeavor to give, answers to questions dependent on genuine proof e and through the Kim 2 utilization of sensible talk and logical headways. With logical advances, what is viewed as sane and unreasonable moves as well.It is through new, changing eve move that modifies sanity. This is the reason levelheadedness changes over the span of time, it is on the grounds that new proof is given in this manner changing the conviction of what is viewed as proportion butt-centric and what is viewed as silly. Through the course of expanded intelligent talk and time, reasonability and what one regards something as sane will ceaselessly advance. Confidence then again, is conviction that gives the most ideal answers bas deed on sacred writings and endeavors to address the inquiries that science can't. It's there e to give the inquiries, for example, â€Å"Why am I here? Or on t he other hand â€Å"What's my motivation on this planet? ‘. The is the purpose behind why many acknowledge religion and confidence into their lives. Ordinarily people De sire for reason and purpose behind their lives. The hypothesis of Existentialism and the splendid personalities of Albert Campus and Jean Paul State, articulate that people have an inborn want to make reason in ones life. This needing for reason for existing is fulfilled through religion. Eventually science awns fails the how, and confidence answers the why it gives the motivation behind everything throughout everyday life, and the ever y quintessence of people and their definitive purpose.It is obvious that science considers that confidence and reason are in the same spot and basically can be thought about. Anyway it is contended that the confidence framework and t he quest for discerning responses to the universe are not on the same wavelength. Actually, Francis Cool lines, executive of the Human Genome Pro ject states, â€Å"God gave us an open door through science to comprehend the common world, however there will never be a logical evidence of God's existence† (Co Loins). It enlightens truth that science is there not to negate religion, yet is there with the end goal of further understanding the world we live in.It's motivation isn't to discredit relic particle, however rather to Kim 3 extend our insight into the what we have as of now, the earth. It further sup decays the point that reasonable reasoning and religion have a place in two distinct areas and shows that the two are basically two unique extents of taking a gander at the world, from a profound outlook and both an objective stance. Moreover Stephen Jay Gould, a renowned developmental bi eulogist proposes of the presence of devastating authoritative (Gould). Gold's hypothesis additionally know n as (NOAA) express that science and confidence have separate instructing domains.This discord implies that the discoveries a nd cases of both space don't need to negate one another. Professional departure in science doesn't need to negate the lessons of religion. Similarly religion d goes not need to control each part of one's life. It exhibits that other than the underlying act of pure trust, what trails can possibly be balanced as the presence of confidence and proportion anally identify with two unique areas. This is coexisting independently. In this manner the p relapse of sane reasoning and science ought not meddle with confidence and bad habit versa.Essentially these two efferent areas are two unique approaches to come nearer to, or accomplishing the Try HTH in their own separate fields. The statement that confidence doesn't cloud or seep into the coo ascent of sensible reasoning is made and stressed intensely. Generally, the philosophy that r elisions conviction thwarts one from discerning reasoning is invalidated as it's vigorously attested that the e two have a place in totally different ballpark s. Francis Collins, additionally in a roundabout way alludes to this hypothesis of Gold's authoritative with the announcement, â€Å"l was in a very reductionism casing of mind.The tats regularly what science forces upon your manner of thinking, and it really is great when you an utilize it to the common world. Be that as it may, I tried to apply it to everything else. Clearly the otherworldly world is another element'. Collins concedes that notwithstanding his various measure of long periods of science b tenth at Yale and the Human Genome Project, that the two areas of science and religion were is suggest not intended to Kim 4 commendation or negate one another. Eventually, one can basically both be a sic digestive system and a devotee. Moreover, it shows that the two spaces are to be sure there and the d principle of confidence doesn't forestall progress through judicious thinking.Therefore, when one cases t o accept, sound pivoting is as yet present, as a result of the basic tru th that the two have a place in contrast lease areas or locale of reasoning. There are obviously the uncommon events when confidence and reason do meet up ere. This doesn't mean, in any case, that religion refutes balanced reasoning. Before the age o f Columbus, the objective perspective incorporated the conviction that the world was level. A pop alular and exceptionally dubious thought at that point, both levelheadedness and religion delivered the Sam e end, that the world without a doubt was flat.This shows that in spite of the characterized limits wager when reason and promise, that both can likewise drift on similar goals. In the case of the world d being level, both science and religion complied with discerning reasoning that the world was level (re part that objectivity is the thing that the most ideal answer depends on the realities gave). D goes this not show that religion doesn't depreciate sound reasoning? It shows that religion does no t avoid levelheaded reasoning, but i nstead is additionally another method of accomplishing the Truth.Thomas Aquinas s contends that confidence and reason are simply rather two strategies however are connected in that nature is sees at first God and the investigation of nature is to contemplate God (Planting). Another occurrence where reason a d confidence impact, is the hypothesis of egocentricity. Levelheaded idea at the time bolstered the hellion enteric hypothesis dependent on the given proof of past researchers. The organization who intensely upheld this hypothesis was in all honesty the Catholic Church. This can be viewed as a demonstration of unreasonable y that the Church didn't put together their choices with respect to the given evidences.However, this isn't correct as crafted by supporters of the heliocentric hypothesis stayed covered up and blue-penciled, until we II after their own Kim 5 time. When these works were found sanity would be changed as individuals currently observe that the Sun is the middle an d not the earth dependent on the gave proof. It additionally go sees to show that reasonability changes after some time and eventually sets aside effort to change as proof develops. Religion is viewed as a mixture loaded up with feeling, and what better approach to RI d oneself from sane intuition than to fuse emotions?When one's feelings begin to take control, one's musings and activities frequently become silly. This being stated, feeling and SE mindset frequently follow religion and confidence, anyway considerably greater than feeling, is activity. Activities are a urgent part n pretty much every religion or reasoning. Without activity nothing is accomplished. As activities assume a significant job in religion, feelings are insignificant and can even be disheartened I n confidence. Ordinarily religion is regulated because of the alleged utilization of feelings and how h evilly religion depends on feeling. Anyway this isn't correct at all.The premise Of religion isn't s humble dep endent on feelings, but instead the activities and the quality or closeness of confidence that the individual conveys. This goes to state notwithstanding, that feelings aren't totally avoided by religion n, some are energized while others are disheartened totally. In Christianity the Ten Commandments that God gives people a lot of rules that gave to the Israeli test the information on specific activities and their virtues. It forgets about any part of feeling and are basically just standards of what to do and what not to do.The word â€Å"do† promptly incisor speaks activities and certain demonstrations yet not feelings. Through an Eastern degree, the conviction of activities and karma are a prime model. Moreover religion goes going to evade certain feelings the at frequently realize negative activities from people through the refrain â€Å"A fool gives full vent to his s free, yet a savvy man discreetly holds it back† (Proverbs 29:1 1). This well known section portray s the rest train whereupon Christianity places upon a person. It evades the declaration of one's feeling NSA particularly Kim 6 anger.Such limitations on feelings are additionally present in Eastern methods of reasoning and religions. In the religion of Hinduism, the release of feelings is clear. The essentials of Hinduism express that feelings thwart one from arriving at the purpose of edification. Further more feelings produce certain impeding wants inside a person that forestalls the standard TTY from seeing the Truth; that feelings and individual wants are negligible. Indeed, religion shuns a few feelings yet not all feelings. Feelings such a s bliss and e

Caliban quite complex Essay Example

Caliban very mind boggling Essay Example Caliban very mind boggling Essay Caliban very mind boggling Essay He is utilizing his training to be abhorrent and he is no uncertainty a detestable character. he shows the complexity between the edified and unrefined man. This makes Caliban an unpredictable character, it is the fight among nature and support. Despite the fact that he is taught he is eccentric and utilizations his instruction to do anything fiendish with it that is possible. Although he is idyllic he is additionally a savage monster which represents the complexities of individuals on the planet. This is additionally a method of Shakespeare uncovering his characters to the crowd. In Act 2 Scene 2 Caliban enters the scene conveying a heap of wood. This represents the overwhelming weight of his obligations and his circumstance both intellectually and truly advertisement may incite a response of compassion from the crowd. He stows away under a fabric apprehensive that prospero has sent somebody to torment him for being to slow with the wood. He would sound severe a contemptuous. Trinculo enters the phase here and is likewise apprehensive yet of the tempest and covers up under a similar material as Caliban. He distinguishes Caliban as a fish. This makes Caliban very intricate on the grounds that in spite of the fact that he isn't appealing to see he is instructed and now and again increasingly cultivated that the two guessed enlightened men. This is likewise how Shakespeare uncovers his characters, through their appearance promotion additionally through the manner in which they talk. For instance Caliban talks in section however Stephano and Trincuo talk in exposition. He sees the fish and declares he could bring in some cash out of him by letting individuals pay to see him. This is a fairly underhanded and narrow minded activity. When Stephano enters the scene he is singing and is exceptionally tanked. Caliban thinks he will be tormented and asks for absolution. Try not to torment me prithee : Ill bring myâ wood home faster Stephano has a similar thought regarding bringing in cash out of Caliban which shows that Trinculo and Stephano are both modest characters and not extremely humanized. Stephano offers wine to Caliban and thinks he is a beast with two voices however before long finds that it is Trinculo. Shakespeare, in this scene, uncovers Stephano and Trinculo as modest characters utilizing language. The two characters talk on composition. The pair celebrate and Caliban thinks they are divine beings. These be fine things, and in the event that they be not sprites : thats a valiant god, and bears divine alcohol: I will kneelâ to him. Caliban is an entirely guileless character and this is one of his complexities. He gets a little consideration and makes the provider a moment god. Hast thou not droppd from heaven? He is a crude character and in spite of the fact that he can talk in a canny manner he is still odd and has faith in lords of the sky and moon. This is additionally a way that Shakespeare uncovers Calibans character, through his character. In some sense he is idiotic on the grounds that he makes modest individuals into extraordinary divine beings and is set up to venerate Trinculor and Stephano. He misconstrues these characters. I will kiss thy foot: I prithee be my god. Caliban is known as a most ludicrous monster Which obviously is valid. During his ineptitude he doesnt overlook his scorn for thrive and devises an arrangement to make Trinculo and Stephano the leaders of the Islands. he incites humor yet He is being chuckled at not participate with laughter. He is committing similar errors again. Caliban is doubtlessly better instructed that Trinculo and Stephano. The two humble characters should be cultivated individuals yet they talk in exposition contrasted with Caliban who talks in refrain. This shows a difference between the characters. Caliban is happy to love individuals he is most likely progressively acculturated at that point. I concur that Caliban is a mind boggling character. This is appeared by the differentiation between his vunerabilty and his venomous nature. Shakespeare uncovers this through the presence of Caliban, his language and the manner in which he conveys his discourse. He is a mind boggling character as he can be venomous one second and afterward talk about his island and be exceptionally wonderful and fragile.

Alumni Stories John Porter, IF 82, MIA 83 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Alumni Stories John Porter, IF ’82, MIA ’83 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Every October, Columbians around the worldâ€"alumni, students, parents, friends, neighbors, faculty, and staffâ€"come together for Columbia Giving Day, a 24-hour online fundraising event  on Oct. 26, 2016. Our alumni are deeply committed to making a real difference in the world.  To support  Giving Day,  the work our alumni do,  and to virtually say thanks to all of SIPAs alumni who take on global issues, big and small, Ill share one alumni story a week every Friday this month.  The videos highlight the work of especially distinguished SIPA alumni, underscoring their various contributions to our society in the US and abroad. In 10 years at the World Bank, John Porter, IF ’82, MIA ’83 rose to become chief investment officer. Because developing countries can’t borrow in capital markets, he says, the World Bank plays a key role in in helping them to implement reforms, work out of debt, and gain freedom in planning for the future.

Analysis Of International Business Expansion Into Canada

Spokane Community College Analysis of International Business Expansion into Canada for a U.S. Based Hotel Chain James Murphy International Business – BUS120 Diana Osborne 16 June 2015 Summary Recommendation As a growing American hotel company, establishing a permanent place in local and national markets is our primary goal, and we wish to become nationally and internationally renowned as a business and tourist destination within the next 5 years. Our main mission is to provide high quality accommodations, and associated amenities and services at competitive prices to our targeted markets. Our basic business objectives are reflected in everything that we do, which is to contribute to the enrichment of the quality of lives for†¦show more content†¦Our pre-market research has shown the intended market to have plenty of room for a hotel such as ours. We will successfully brand our hotel as a 4-star quality hotel, which will be inspected and listed as such by all major travel agents and hotel associations nationally and internationally. We will continuously develop associations with the world travel, business and tourist organizations, and expect these alliances to further enhance o ur reputation as a quality destination. Our hotel will differentiate and position its business from competitors by offering a secure and pleasurable stay, providing high quality services, a state of the art security system, and professionally trained staff. Our concern for the environment and our level of no-fuss service and accountability will set us apart from other, more expensive, similarly positioned hotels in the area. Porter’s Diamond Factor Conditions Education and Training Canada spends the most amount of money, as a percentage of GDP, on education than any other country in the world. This is of course one of the reasons why the country has one of the highest educated populations. The level of skills within Canada’s workforce are ranked as one of the

Society s Ideal Body Image - 915 Words

American society pushes a fantasy of the idealized body through magazines, television, advertising, and social networks. The delusional principles centered on the â€Å"perfect body† have caused women to become insecure and feel less attractive. From a very young age, women are given the message that in order to be happy and pretty, they must look like a Barbie doll. Women need to become aware that society’s ideal body image is not feasible. Your body is merely a vessel that contains the beautiful mind and soul that makes who you are. Women need to focus on being attractive from what’s on the inside, rather than the outside. Everyone has flaws, so why not flaunt them? The poems that appealed to me emphasized that our society has created unattainable standards of perfection in body image. Over time, I have learned the most important aspect in life: perfection does not exist. It seemed like I had it all, good grades, amazing family and friends, and top runner on the cross-country and track team in high school. But, on the inside I was struggling. I hit rock bottom in April of 2012. I was flirting with death. I was a walking skeleton, barely able to plaster that fake smile on that gaunt face. Waking up to exist through another day brimming with self-hatred seemed impossible. My world came crashing down around me, and I finally realized I needed help. I told my parents, thus beginning my journey of overcoming anorexia. I was a ghost of my former self, consumed by a monster insideShow MoreRelatedThe Advertising Of Diet Plans And Supplements Essay1702 Words   |  7 PagesToday s society is constantly presented with misrepresentations of the ideal body image through the advertising of diet plans and supplements. 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Advertisements are enforcing the standards of beauty to encourage our youth to believe and aspire to become this contemporary based view of what beautiful

‘Manifesto of the Communist Party’ by Karl Marx Free Essays

Karl Marx developed theoretical concepts of society and its development explaining the workings of market economies and class relations. One of his main works, ‘Manifesto of the Communist Party’, vividly describes the main concepts and strategic vision of Communism, socialism and class struggle. Karl Marx was concerned with how income was shared among the three great social classes: workers and capitalists. We will write a custom essay sample on ‘Manifesto of the Communist Party’ by Karl Marx or any similar topic only for you Order Now A major concern of nineteenth-century social thinking was to identify the nature of industrialization and to trace its social and political effects. Social and economic environment led to development of ‘Manifesto of the Communist Party’. The era of Marx and the following decades were the era of Liberalism. During the years 1830 to 1930 the world was fast becoming an industrial society, yet its laws were based on an ideal of an agrarian society. During the second half of nineteenth century the world changed economically and socially. The book ‘Manifesto of the Communist Party’ consists of four sections: Bourgeois and Proletarians, Proletarians and Communists, Socialist and Communist Literature, the Opposition parties. Each section identifies and analyzes the main concepts of new industrial and social relations and gives historical examples of these events. In this book, Marx creates the economic, social and political theory and practice, develops capitalism theory explaining the role of a class in society. What is emphasized is the market as a system of exchanges rather than as an arena of compe ­tition; the persistent association of political particies and the pacification of economic relations relies on this emphasis. In the section ‘Bourgeois and Proletarians’, Marx introduces new materialist method in contrast to idealistic one. He examines the role of labor and labor relations, explains the struggle over the division of output and wage system. According to Marx capitalism is class struggle. Increasing polarization of the population divides it into two great classes, the bourgeoisie (capitalist) and the proletariat (workers). Marx states that â€Å"The bourgeoisie, by the rapid improvement of all instruments of production, by the immensely facilitated means of communication, draws all, even the most barbarian, nations into civilization† (Marx n.d.). In this situation, classes not only are the links be ­tween levels rather tight; they are unidirec ­tional, the causal flow going from economic structure through consciousness to action. Marx portrays that over time the two great classes directly facing each other defined by how they stand to the relations of production, gradually conso ­lidate under capitalism, absorbing other classes within them, developing class consciousness and industrial and political organizations, and in due course fight out a revolutionary conflict (Marx, n.d.). Marx explains the role of â€Å"the means of production† and â€Å"exchange† of goods in market economy. Marx states: â€Å"The productive forces at the disposal of society no longer tend to further the development of the conditions of bourgeois property† (Marx n.d.). The class struggle is explained as opposition between working class and the class of capitalists. Also, it is struggle of lower socioeconomic classes with higher socioeconomic classes. Given the irreconcilable conflict of interests between capital and labor, the outstanding feature of capitalist society is struggle based on historical development and new production modes. Also, Marx describes the relations and interconnection between capital and labor wages, the nature of competition and a revolutionary class. The second section of the book describes relationships between communists and the working class. Marx gives an overview of a communist society free from oppression, antagonism and exploitation. According to Marx, an ideal society should be classless. Marx states: â€Å"communism deprives no man of the power to appropriate the products of the society; all that it does is to deprive him of the power to subjugate the labor of others by means of such appropriations† (Marx n.d.). He criticizes land ownership and supports the state ownership. The main points of his program for the classless society are: abolition of property in land; progressive or graduated income tax; confiscation of emigrants’ property, importance of the centralized state bank, centralization of communication and transport, all should be equally obliged to work, leveling the differences between the town and country, free education for children (Marx, n.d.). Marx underlines that the differences between classes should be diminished in order to reach classless community. Moreover, and in consequence, there is no overall story of a development through time from class structure through class conscious ­ness to class action, nor any underlying theory of ‘class interests’ that could explain such a development: the historical possibilities are far more open and indeterminate. â€Å"When, in the course of development, class distinctions have disappeared, and all production has been concentrated in the hands of a vast association of the whole nation† (Marx n.d.). The focus at each class is also much broader: at the structural level, it encompasses not only productive relations but also the sphere of circulation and market positions; and at the levels of consciousness and action, and the spheres of consumption and distri ­bution as well as work and politics. Marx states that ‘political power’ should be used as ‘the organized power’ which protects â€Å"one class for oppressing another† (Marx n.d.). Also, Marx defines classes by their modes of collective action and shows how rights to productive resources, credentials, party membership, lineage, etc., can all be distinct bases for social closure in the struggle. Marx identifies the way of the transition from socialism to communism and advantages of the classless society. In the third section, â€Å"Socialist and Communist Literature†, Marx describes the differences between socialist and communist literature. He criticizes socialist trends and approaches such as Feudal Socialism, Petty-Bourgeois Socialism, Critical-Utopian Socialism, etc. This section is based on historical examples and analysis of social development and driven forces of class development. For instance, he explains the emergence of ‘petty bourgeoisie’ as a new class â€Å"fluctuating between proletariat and bourgeoisie† (Marx, n.d.). But their generally determinist attitude led them into a certain political passivity. Most of them anticipated socialist consciousness originating outside the working class. Marx underlines that German socialism is based on the struggle â€Å"against feudal aristocracy† (Marx, n.d.). A major concern of this thinking is to identify the nature of these relations and to trace their social and political effects. Speaking about Conservative or Bourgeois Socialism Marx states: â€Å"The bourgeoisie naturally conceives the world in which it is supreme to be the best† (Marz, n.d.). They distinguish society by its characteristic modes of production and economic life. However, what is thought to distinguish the society is not solely a new mode of production, but a new social imperative – the changing distribution of economic and social resources. Marx criticizes Critical-Utopian Socialism stating that such philosophers and economists as Fourier, Saint-Simon and Owen make a mistake taking into account only the ‘early undeveloped period’. This historical and social vision limits their understanding of the historical process and forces them †to consider themselves far superior to all class antagonisms† (Marx, n.d.). These theories can be thought of as ranged along a continuum whose poles can be neatly seen as occupied by the classical posi ­tions respectively. Not only are the links be ­tween levels rather tight; they are unidirec ­tional, the causal flow going from economic structure through consciousness to action. The fourth section gives overview of communist struggle and its impact on workers consciousness. Marx gives examples of four countries: France, Switzerland, Poland and Germany as the main countries where communism flourishes. The visible change in the attitudes to parties constitutes progress towards democracy and classless society. â€Å"In short, the Communists everywhere support every revolutionary movement against the existing social and political order of things† (Marx, n.d.). Accordingly, Communism presupposes the continued political significance of integrated patterns of thought whose outlines follow the historical doctrines of different parties. To understand Communism and its relations with working class it is necessary to take account of the institutions and parties involved, their ideologies and motives; it is necessary to consider not only the legal dimensions but also the behavioral dimensions of classes. Marx restates: â€Å"Let the ruling classes tremble at a Communistic revolution† (Marx, n.d.). In sum, the book documents in detail how the economic position of classes have been developed. Given the irreconcilable conflict of interests between capital and labor, Marx vividly portrays that the outstanding feature of capitalist society is class conflict. One of the sharpest contradic ­tions of capitalism was precisely that between the social character of production and the individualist basis of ownership. Marx underlines that social conflict was a feature of the transition between older and newer social orders, world perception and values, and materialistic understanding of the world. Communism was professed by the major tendencies which emerged during the nineteenth century, and the most common classification schemes for ideologies build upon this historical material. References 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Manifesto of the Communist Party (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/index.htm [accessed 1 Dec 2006]    How to cite ‘Manifesto of the Communist Party’ by Karl Marx, Essay examples

The action of lipase Essay Example

The action of lipase Essay AIM: Lipases hydrolize fats into glycerol and fatty acids1, therefor to investigate how different amount (1 cm3, 2 cm3, 4 cm3, 8 cm3, 12 cm3, 20 cm3) of 3% lipase solutions break down the fat in 5 cm3 of milk.RESEARCH QUESTION: how fast can different amount (1 cm3, 2 cm3, 4 cm3, 8 cm3, 12 cm3, 20 cm3) of 3% lipase solutions break down the fat molecules in 5 cm3 of milk?INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: amount of 3% lipase solution (1 cm3, 2 cm3, 4 cm3, 8 cm3, 12 cm3, 20 cm3)DEPENDENT VARIABLE: the speed (measured in minutes) of hydrolizing fat moleculesCONTROLLED VARIANLE: concentration of lipase solution, amount of milk, amount and concentration of sodium carbonate solutionHYPOTHESES: à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ lipase hydrolize fats into glycerol and fatty acid1 therefore as the amount of lipase is increased, the fat molecules will be hydrolized faster and fasterà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ boiled lipase will not break down fat molecules, because the enzymes denaturate on high temperatureMaterials: Equipments:-milk -test tu bes-0.05M sodium carbonate solution -test tube rack-phenolphthalein indicator -test tube holder-3% lipase solution -dropping pipette-graduated pipette-Bunsen burner-beaker-watchPROCEDURE:1. Using a graduated pipette, 5 cm3 of milk is placed in seven test tubes.2. 7 cm3 sodium carbonate solution is placed in each test tube.3. Using a dropping pipette phenolphthalein is add to each tube until the contests are bright pink. The test tubes are shaken well after adding each drop.4. In a spare tube about 15 mm 3 % lipase solution is placed and the liquid is heated over a Bunsen burner until it boils for a few seconds. The tube is cooled and 1 cm3 of boiled liquid is transported to test tube 1.5. With a graduate pipette 1 cm3 unboiled lipase solution is placed in test tube 2.6. With a graduate pipette 2 cm3 unboiled lipase solution is placed in test tube 3.7. With a graduate pipette 4 cm3 unboiled lipase solution is placed in test tube 4.8. With a graduate pipette 8 cm3 unboiled lipase solu tion is placed in test tube 5.9. With a graduate pipette 12 cm3 unboiled lipase solution is placed in test tube 6.10. With a graduate pipette 20 cm3 unboiled lipase solution is placed in test tube 7.11. The test tubes is shaken to mix the contents.DATA COLLECTION:à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Colour of the solution (milk, sodium carbonate solution): whiteà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Colour of the solution (milk, sodium carbonate solution, phenolphthalein): bright pinkà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ To the seven test tubes 5 0.5 cm3 milk and 7 0.5 cm3 sodium carbonate solution was placed.Table 1. Observations of the action of lipaseTest tube number/ -Boiled/ -Amount of lipase solution added/ cm3 0.5Time taken to become white/ min 0.51yes1-2no1403no2354no4265no8116no1257no202Table 2. Observations of the action of lipase Student ATest tube number/ -Boiled/ -Amount of lipase solution added/ cm3 0.5Time taken to become white/ min 0.51yes1-2no1493no2264no4155no876no1257no203Table 3. Observations of the action of lipase Student BTest tube number/ -Boiled/ -Amount of lipase solution added/ cm3 0.5Time taken to become white/ min 0.51yes1-2no1313no2194no4105no886no1257no203à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ In each case the measurement of time started after placing the lipase solution, and shaking the test tube.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Regarding the scale of numbers (from 3 to 40 in average see Table 4.) it was uneccasary to measure the time with the accuracy of seconds.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ In each case the test tube containig the unboiled lipase solution (tube 1) did not reach the stage of becoming white during the time of lab (about 90 min), this is denoted with a - sign.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The scaling of the graduated pipette was 1 cm3 therefor the accuracy might differ by 0.5 cm3 .DATA PROCESSING AND PRESENTATION:Table 4. The action of lipase average time taken for the solution to become whiteTest tube number/ -Boiled/ -Amount of lipase solution added/ cm3 0.5Average time/ min half of the range1yes1-2no140.9 9.03no226.6 8.04no417.0 8.05no88.6 2.06no125.0 0.07no 202.6 0.5à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½The average is reported with half of the range (instead of standard deviation), because of the small number of replicates. The samll number of replicates did not allow to leave out any of the obtained data. see conclusion and evaluation to see the possible way of avoiding this problem.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Graph 1. represents the data of Table 4. plotted on a graph. On the x axis the independent variable (amount of lipase) and on the y axis the dependent variable (the time taken for the solution to become white) can be seen. The best-fit line is drawn linear, going through the range boxes. If the x and the y values were of the same distance from the origo, then the best-fit line would be 45o.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½Tube 1 boiled lipase is not plotted on the graph because it was the contol test, to make sure that the colour change does not happen anyway and that the role of the lipase is responsible for the colour change, since the enzymes denaturate in high temperature, change shap e, therefore do not work any more.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The horizontal error bars represent amount of lipase (cm3) 0.5à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The vertical error bars represent the average time (min) half of the range (in case oftube 2 2 cm3 the range was 0)à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ No systematic error occured during this experiment, the random errors are discussed above graduating pipette, watchCONCLUSION AND EVALUATION:à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The hypotheses were supportive, because as it can be seen on Graph 1, as the amount of lipase was increased, the solution changed colour faster and faster, in sciantifically speaking more and more lipid was broken down to glycerol and fatty acid. The boiled lipid did not change to colour of the solution no lipid was broken down.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ In this experiment the time taken for the solution (milk, sodium carbonate solution, phenolphthalein, lipase solution) to become white was tested. Phenolphthalein is and acid/base indicator. It starts to be bright pink because the carbonate ions i n the sodium carbonate give the overall pH to be alkaline. It is transparent in acid solution. When the lipase breaks down the fat molecules (lipids) into fatty acid and glycerol, the pH decreases into the acid range and the colour of the phenolphthalein fades. This allows the white colour of milk to come through.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The lipase in the controll test (tube 1) denaturated on high temperature, and could not function any more, so no fat molecule was broken down, therefore the pH of the solution did not change, and the colour of phenolphthalein did not indidcate the change of pH, and the white colour of milk could not come through. This is why it is dangerous for humans to have a raised temperature (fever), because the heat unables the enzymes to function, on which the human body is reliant. Lipase is used as biological washing powder (since it breaks down the fat molecules) but if it is put in hot wash, the fat does not come out of the clothes, because lipase denaturates.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ On Graph 1. it can be seen that the action of lopase is in inverse proportion to time.SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER IMPROVEMENT:à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ To calculate the average time taken for the solution to become white, more students data should be used.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The action of lipase could have been tested in another way as well: the test tubes should be observed at a certain time, and the dependent variable would be the ratio of pink and white in the test tube. It would show that as the amount of lipase is increased, the ratio of white will be greater and greater. For the contol test boiled lipase the ratio of pink and white would be 1:0. Although there are many source of error for this experiment, mainly measuring the ratio. I would suggest using ruler, but cause difficulties how to measure the u-shaped bottom of the test tubes.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Testing tube 1 and 2 the conclusion was that the enzyme lipase denaturates on high temperature. To go further, I would suggest an experiment to tes t at what temperature does enzyme lipase denaturate. For this, lipase on room temperature (about 21 Co) and heated lipase (25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 Co) should be used. The independent variable: temperature of lipase, the dependent variable: time taken for the solution to become white, and the controlled variable: amount of solutions added, including lipase.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ I would suggest to use 1 drop of 1 M sodium hydroxide insted of sodium carbonate, because glycerol has three alcohol groups and each of these weakly dissociates to give acid character. The carbonate ions react in acid giving off CO2 and a froming a hydroxide after the hydrolysis of water molecules. These then neutralise the acid, so carbonate ions act like a buffer therefore the acid production cannot be registered as fast as it should be. Therefore 1 drop of1 M sodium hydroxide should be use, to avoid the buffer effect.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The random error of using graduated pipette cannot be avoided. Measuring the time could h ave been done with the accuracy of seconds, the reason for not doing so is discussed above in the data collection section.

Nat. debt essays

Nat. debt essays The national debt is defined as the debt held by the government plus the debt held by the public. The national debt has been around for as long as our country has been. The increase of the national debt fluctuates over time, differently throughout each presidents term. Although President Bush did not cause the national debt he is strongly influencing the growth and continuance of it meaninglessly. Some will blame the increase on the current economic troubles of our nation. It is true that our nations economy is in a bad state right now but that would not cause the debt held by the public to increase any. In our current situation people are scarred to borrow or to spend money, so everyone is keeping what they earn and consuming less. If people are not spending or consuming then they are not borrowing or gaining any debt. That is one of the reasons why the interest rate is so low to try and encourage borrowing and spending, in an effort to stimulate the economy, but people are too scared to borrow or risk any of there own money. The terrorist attack on our nation has hurt the economy greatly. But that has little to do with the presidents spending policy. It is partially the reason for the tax breaks the president has planned, he is thinking putting money into our pockets will increase our spending which in turn with chain react us out of the recession we are in. According to Don Evans, one of the Presidents oldest pals and his head salesman on bushs new tax plan, the idea behind the new tax plan proposed in January of 2003 is a return to supply side economics which hasnt been used in the white house since the Reagan era. Reagan had the highest increase in the national debt out of any president, and now bush is returning to his plan for tax cuts. Possibly leading us into another era of huge gains in the national debt when there isnt a positive need for it, there are other ways to bring our count...

Koppen Climate Classification

Koppen Climate Classification Giving a talk some years ago at a convention of bankers in some remote resort in Arizona I showed the Koppen-Geiger map of world climates, and explained in very general terms what the colors represent. The corporation’s president was so taken by this map that he wanted it for his company’s annual report - it would be so useful, he said, in explaining to representatives posted overseas what they might experience in the way of climate and weather. He had, he said, never seen this map, or anything like it; of course he would have if he had taken an introductory geography course. Every textbook has a version of it... - Harm de Blij Various attempts have been made to classify the climates of the earth into climatic regions. One notable, yet ancient and misguided example is that of Aristotles Temperate, Torrid, and Frigid Zones. However, the 20th-century classification developed by German climatologist and amateur botanist Wladimir Koppen (1846-1940) continues to be the authoritative map of the world climates in use today. Origins of the Koppen System Introduced in 1928 as a wall map co-authored with student Rudolph Geiger, the Koppen system of classification was updated and modified by Koppen until his death. Since that time, it has been modified by several geographers. The most common modification of the KÃ ¶ppen system today is that of the late University of Wisconsin geographer Glen Trewartha. The modified Koppen classification uses six letters to divide the world into six major climate regions, based on average annual precipitation, average monthly precipitation, and average monthly temperature: A for Tropical HumidB for DryC for Mild Mid-LatitudeD for Severe Mid-LatitudeE for PolarH for Highland (this classification was added after KÃ ¶ppen created his system) Each category is further divided into sub-categories based on temperature and precipitation. For instance, the U.S. states located along the Gulf of Mexico are designated as Cfa. The C represents the mild mid-latitude category, the second letter f stands for the German word feucht or moist, and the third letter a indicates that the average temperature of the warmest month is above 72Â °F (22Â °C). Thus, Cfa gives us a good indication of the climate of this region, a mild mid-latitude climate with no dry season and a hot summer. Why the Koppen System Works While the Koppen system doesnt take such things as temperature extremes, average cloud cover, number of days with sunshine, or wind into account, its a good representation of our earths climate. With only 24 different subclassifications, grouped into the six categories, the system is easy to comprehend. Koppens system is simply a guide to the general climate of the regions of the planet, the borders do not represent instantaneous shifts in climate but are merely transition zones where climate, and especially weather, can fluctuate.

Home Selection Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Home Selection - Assignment Example The house is located just a few kilometers from town and this allows easy access to school, and also ease for my parents to get to work, it would have been better for us to live even near the city but the cost of these homes are much higher than the house we live in, we also preferred living some kilometers outside the city due to both noise and air pollution associated with the city, therefore the best home we found is located in a good neighborhood with very high levels of security because it is located near the police quarters. Therefore by acquiring a home in this location has led to various advantages including high security levels due the nearness to a police residence and also low cost of transport to school for us and also for my parents to city where they go to work. We also have an added advantage in that the house is in the middle of a five acre land and that we bought the house and therefore we do not have to pay rent at the end of the month. The house is large with four bedrooms, a master bedroom which has its own bath and this is for my parents, we also have our own bedroom each, we have the sitting room, entertainment room and dinning room, the bedrooms are up stares while the kitchen and the other rooms are down stares.

Human Resource and bussiness strategy Assignment

Human Resource and bussiness strategy - Assignment Example The standards and measures that are needed to be taken within an HR department change with every passing day. Thus, it is suggested that the diversity of human resource must be the basic factor of HR strategy for Ford Motors. It is because most of the employees working for Ford Motors remain foreigners. The diversity factor will allow the company to get vibrant and variant ideas (Gilmore & Williams, 2012). The career section of the Ford Motors is quiet interesting as they have a wide portal of job openings that can be searched with the help of search tools. There are jobs from entry level clerks to the product development managers. There are different job opening such as Employee payment analyst who is responsible for communicating the implications. In addition, there is another job opening entitled Administration and research assistance. For such a job opening, it is required that the person is able to understand the research needed regarding administration because it is responsible for designing management strategies (Storey, 2007). The job designation that I would prefer is of the employee payment analysis. The reason behind preferring this job designation is because it is a challenging job and would require a lot of communication. In a company where employees from different countries are hired would be a helpful element in undertaking the job. The position is greatly associated with the payrolls that are an important aspect to be observed by an HR department. Motivations and rewards should be designed after careful analysis of payroll of employees. This position is in direct association with the HR management team thus it can be interrelated with other functional tasks of human resource (Wilton, 2010). Work and life balance is the best factor that can be considered for achieve g competitive advantage. This has been focused previously as well as in the form of campaign where employees were given hourly off on achieving excellence

Supraglacial Environment Analysis

Supraglacial Environment Analysis Some places on Earth are so cold that water is a solid—ice or snow [1]. These frozen places of our planet are called the Cryosphere by our Scientists.The term â€Å"Cryosphere† comes from the Greek word â€Å"kryos† which means cold, frost or ice and â€Å"sphaira† which means globe. Those regions of the Earth’s surface where water is in the solid form, including sea ice, lake ice, river ice, snow cover, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets and frozen grounds (which includes permafrost) are referred to as cryosphere. The cryosphere is an integral part of the global climate system with important linkages and feedbacks generated through its influence on surface energy and moisture fluxes, clouds, precipitation, hydrology, atmospheric and oceanic circulation. Through these feedback processes, the cryosphere plays a significant role in theglobal climateand inclimate modelresponse to global changes [2]. Cryosphere is believed to be at the top and bottom of our planet, in the Polar Regions by most of the people. The area around the North Pole is the Arctic region and the area around the South Pole is the Antarctic region. Snow and ice are also found at many other locations on Earth, other than these two Polar Regions [1]. Located at the Earths South Pole, Antarctica is an icy continent. A huge ice sheet covers the land mass of Antarctica and, in some places, shelves of floating ice extend into the ocean. The outer sections of ice break off or calve from these shelves and form icebergs. The icebergs float in the oceans, melting and falling apart as they drift into warmer waters [1]. The Antarctic Ice Sheet is the largest mass of ice on Earth. Supraglacial Environment Literally, supraglacial means of, relating to, or situated or occurring at the surface of a glacier. Supraglacial environment consists of Supraglacial lakes and ponds, supraglacial streams and, supraglacial dust and debris. Supraglacial Lakes and Ponds Any pond of liquid water on the top of aglacier is called a supraglacial lake. Although these pools aretransient, they may reach kilometers in diameter and could be several meters deep. They usually last for months or even decades at a time, but can vacant in the course of hours. The lakes usually emerge from the assembly of summer meltwater in catchment basins. Supraglacial Streams A stream that flows over the surface of a glacier is called supraglacial streams. Most supraglacial streams descend viaMoulin into the depths or base of a glacier or originate from melting snow, ice fields and glacial ice. Supraglacial Dust and Debris Debris that is carried on the surface of a glacier is called supraglacial debris. It is also known as supraglacial moraines. It is normally derived from weathering processes that occur during seasonal precipitation, melt/ refreeze cycles or supraglacial activity (i.e. transport) rates and tends to be blocky angular boulders and sediments in character.Heavy volcanic supraglacial debris is composed of fine grained volcanic ash, tephra or large ballistics that is ejected during eruptions. The Polar Regions, are remote and often inaccessible, in terms of their location. Investigations based on field of the entire Polar Region are very strenuous, and rarely possible. Satellite remote sensing is a low cost solution to obtain excellent coverage of the Polar Regions from a view point in space. By using remote sensing data and techniques it is now possible to investigate the high latitude regions in a way that was unimaginable even a few decades ago. Over the past two decades, the Polar Regions have homogenously shown the first distinctive evidence of human industrial activity on Earth’s atmosphere and climate (Luban and Massom, 2007) [5]. The first was the 1985 discovery of the ozone â€Å"hole,† an annual disappearance of most of the ozone layer over Antarctica and the Southern Ocean, whose cause was quickly identified as an interaction between industrial chlorofluorocarbon pollutants and unique ice clouds that form in the extremely cold Antarctic stratosphere. More recently, both satellite data and submarine research cruises have documented the dramatic decrease in both geographic extent and thickness of Arctic sea ice, such that if no action is taken to curb industrial greenhouse gas emissions, Arctic sea ice could disappear altogether in the summer season by the end of this century. In 1981, India undertook its National Antarctic Program within the aegis of Department of Ocean Development (DOD) of the Government of India. ACentre dedicated to Antarctic Expeditions, named as ‘Antarctic Study Centre (ASC)’ was established at Goa in 1988.The ASC was eventually upgraded into an autonomous institute ‘National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR) under DOD (now known as Ministry of Earth Sciences). Maitri station was built in 1989 on the Schirmacher Oasis in Queen Maud Land. India previously operated the station Dakshin Gangotri from 1983 – 1989 which was abandoned after being buried in ice. Around 3,000 kilometers from Maitri station, India extended its Antarctic presence by building a new station named Bharati in the Larsemann Hills region.The Bharati station has been operational since 18th March 2012. Ordinarily, resolution is thought to be as the ability to separate and differentiate adjacent objects or items in a scene, be it in a photo, an image or real life. Frequently resolution is specified in terms of the linear size of the smallest features we can discriminate (often expressed in meters). But contrast impacts our ability to resolve between objects: if two items are the same color, they may be tough to separate, but if they are sharply different in color, tone, or brightness we can recognize them more clearly. Remote sensors estimate differences and variations of objects that are often reported in terms of four main resolutions, each of which affect the accuracy and functionality of remote sensors to habitat mapping. The details noticeable in an image are dependent on the spatial resolution of the sensor and refer to the size of the smallest possible feature that can be identified. Spatial resolution of passive sensors depends essentially on their Instantaneous Field of View (IFOV). The IFOV is the angular cone of visibility of the sensor (A) and determines the area on the Earths surface which is seen from a given altitude at one particular moment in time (B). The size of the area viewed is determined by multiplying the IFOV by the distance from the ground to the sensor (C). This area on the ground is called the resolution cell and decides a sensors greatest spatial resolution. For an analogous feature to be detected, its size generally has to be equal to or larger than the resolution cell. If the feature is smaller than this, it may not be detectable as the average brightness of all features in that resolution cell will be recorded. However, smaller features may sometimes be detectable if their reflectance influences within a particular resolution cell allowing sub-pixel or resolution cell recognition. Images where only large features are visible are said to have coarse or low resolution. In fine or high resolution images, small objects can be identified. Military sensors for example, are designed to for detailed view, and so have very fine resolution. Commercial satellites provide imagery with resolutions differing from a few meters to several kilometers. Usually finer the resolution, the less whole ground area would be visible. The ratio of distance on an image or map, to actual ground distance is called scale. If a map is with scale of 1:100,000, an object of 1cm length on the map would really be an object 100,000cm (1km) long on the ground. Maps or images with small map-to-ground ratios are referred to as small scale (e.g. 1:100,000), and those with larger ratios (e.g. 1:5,000) are called large scale. Spectral response and spectral emissivity curves specifies the reflectance and/or emittance of a feature or target across a range of wavelengths. Dissimilar classes of features and details in an image can frequently be distinguished by contrasting their responses over distinct ranges of wavelength. Extensive classes such as water and vegetation can generally be separated using very broad ranges of wavelength (the visible and near infrared). More specific classes like rock types may not be easily distinguishable using only these broad ranges of wavelength and require comparison at much finer ranges of wavelengths to separate them. Hence we require a sensor with higher spectral resolution for such specific classification. Spectral resolution describes the ability of a sensor to define fine intervals of wavelength. Finer is the spectral resolution, narrower will be the ranges of wavelength for a particular channel or band. As the spatial structure of an image is described by the arrangement of pixels, the actual information content in an image is described by the radiometric characteristics. The sensitivity of the image to the magnitude of the electromagnetic energy is determined by the radiometric resolution, whenever an image is captured on film or by a sensor. The radiometric resolution of an imaging system describes its ability to differentiate very slight contrast in energy. Finer the radiometric resolution of a sensor, more sensitive it is to detecting small differences in reflected or emitted energy. When a 2-bit image is compared with an 8-bit image, there is a large difference in the level of details observable depending on their radiometric resolutions. The concept of temporal resolution is also important to consider in a remote sensing system, in addition to spatial, spectral, and radiometric resolution. It is the concept of revisit period, which refers to the length of time it requires for a satellite to finish one complete orbit cycle. The revisit period is usually several days for a satellite sensor. Thus the absolute temporal resolution of a remote sensing system to image the exact same area at the same viewing angle a second time is equal to this period. Still some areas of the Earth tend to be re-imaged more frequently because of some degree of overlap in the imaging swaths of adjacent orbits for most satellites and the increase in this overlap with increasing latitude. Also, some satellite systems are able to point their sensors to image the same area between different satellite passes parted by periods from one to five days. So, the actual temporal resolution of a sensor depends on a variety of factors, including the satell ite/sensor capabilities, the swath overlap, and latitude. WorldView-2 is the first high-resolution 8-band multispectral commercial satellite launched in October 2009. It operates at an altitude of 770 km and provides 50 cm panchromatic resolution and 2 m multispectral resolution. The average revisit time of World View-2 is of 1.1 days and it is also capable of collecting up to 1 million km2 of 8-band imagery per day. Every sensor is narrowly concentrated on a specific range of the electromagnetic spectrum that is sensitive to a particular feature on the ground, or a property of the atmosphere. They are designed together to improve the segmentation and classification of land and aquatic features beyond any other space-based remote sensing platform. The agricultural growth, increased urbanization and natural processes all contribute towards the reshaping nature of land use and land cover around the globe. Remote sensing is recognized as an essential tool for understanding the changes over a large and small scale. Presently various satellites are being engaged to observe and study the globe. WV-2 brings out a high degree of detail to classification processes, with 8 strictly focused spectral sensors ranging from visible to near infrared, combined with 2 meter spatial resolution, enabling a finer level of intolerance and improving decision-making in both the public and private sector. The table given below explains the various characteristics of the important high resolution satellites. The World Viiew-2 is the satellite, which is having 0.5 m spatial resolution which has been used for this particular study. Features of World View-2 satellite are: Very high resolution The most spectral diversity commercially available 4 standard colors: Blue, Green, Red, NIR-1 4 new colors: Coastal, Yellow, Red Edge, NIR-2 Bi- directional scanning Orbit altitude: 770 km, sun-synchronous Dynamic range: 11-bits per pixel Swath width: 16.4 km at nadir Benefits of World View-2 satellite are: Provides highly detailed imagery for precise map creation, change detection, and in-depth image analysis. Geo-locate features to less than 5 m to create maps in remote areas, maximizing the utility of available resources. Collects, stores, and downlinks a greater supply of frequent update global imagery products than competitive systems. Stereoscopic collection on a single pass ensures image continuity and consistency of quality. Provides the ability to perform precise change detection, mapping and analysis at unprecedented resolutions in 8-band multispectral imagery. In addition to dedicated satellite instruments and programs that have monitored critical manifestations of climate and atmospheric change, such as the retreat of Arctic Sea Ice, the motion of the Antarctica Ice Sheets and the evolution of the ozone ‘hole’ in both polar regions, many serendipitous applications of satellite remote sensing have come forward for polar research. A survey of polar remote sensing accomplishments is particularly useful at this point in time, as the earth science community is experiencing a transition to a new generation of satellite remote sensing instruments with an order of magnitude greater capability than their predecessors. The Antarctica ice sheet alone covers an area of ~12.4Ãâ€"106 km2, and averages ~2.4 km in thickness, with a maximum of ~4.7 km (in the Wilkes sub-glacial basin between Casey and Vostok) and a volume of ~25.7Ãâ€"106 km3. It stores ~90% of the world’s ice, equivalent to ~70% of its freshwater or an approx. 65 m rise in global sea level was it to melt. This Antarctica Ice sheet play a central role in the global climate system, interacting in a complex fashion with the atmosphere and ocean, acting as major hemispheric heat sinks as a result of the radiatively induced Equator to pole temperature difference, and dominating the high-latitude radiation balance by virtue of their high albedo. Ice sheets have profound direct and indirect impacts on patterns of oceanic and atmospheric temperature and circulation and also biogeochemical cycles [11]. Studying and analyzing Antarctica using satellite remote sensing is not an old practice. It started way back in 1972 with the launch of Landsat-1(formerly ERTS-1). It kept on growing since then with the use of microwave and thermal remote sensing datasets. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) datasets have played a vital role in understanding this remote continent. In this research we have applied a combination of existing image processing methods and a novel feature extraction workflow to DigitalGlobe’s WorldView-2 (WV-2) satellite imagery, in order to study Antarctica at maximum achievable spatial resolution. Our protocol also compares widely used image fusion algorithms all over the researcher’s community. During the past 30-40 years, satellite and other remote sensing methods have provided a massive wealth of new data to transform understanding of the Antarctic. While important, field measurements are logistically demanding, expensive, and scanty. Satellites can measure and monitor remote and vast areas in a sustained, consistent, systematic, repetitive, and cost-effective fashion and on a variety of scales alone. Using high-spatial resolution data is the only practical approach for generating detailed and accurate information on the landscape and land cover in the Antarctic, where field measurements are laborious. The capabilities of these state-of-the-art satellites have not been thoroughly explored for mapping land cover in cryospheric regions. Widely, sea-ice spectral reflectance (ratio of radiant energy reflected by a body to that incident upon it) depends upon its age and thickness, and the presence/absence of a snow cover. Snow reflectance depends on the refractive index of ice, grain-size distribution, density, depth, and liquid-water content. Maps of surface albedo (the ratio of upwelling to down welling radiative flux at the surface) can be retrieved from satellite radiance data after accurately masking cloud, correcting atmospheric effects, and converting angular measurements to the ‘‘full hemisphere’’ angular distribution of the surface (the bidirectional reflectance distribution function [BRDF]). While the broadband albedo of ice-free ocean is ~0.05-0.1 that of sea ice ranges from ~0.1 to ~0.9 enabling ice-ocean discrimination and ice type classification. The strong sensitivity of NIR radiation to snow grain-size growth with melting further enables the detection/monitoring of seasonal mel t/refreeze. Ice-sheet surface grain size is itself retrievable from 1.6 mm data (e.g., from the Global Imager [GLI] aboard ADEOS-II [operational from 2002–2003]). High and very high resolution sensors acquire data over a narrow swath (

Mean Creek

Film Report ‘Mean Creek' In the film ‘mean creek' directed by Jacob Aaron Estes. We see a group of teenagers who try to play a trick on the bully in the movie, but it goes horribly wrong. A main Idea In the film Is the way the relationships change between everybody from the start to the end of the movie. The director uses 4 aspects, sound, lighting, camera shots and dialogue, to communicate the theme of change in friend/relationships.The director uses camera shot, lighting and sound in the scene where they are all sitting on the river bank after they play truth and dare and George gets pushed overboard by Rocky because he wouldn't shut up about Martyr's father, but then George freaks out and drowns to death. We see a long shot of them all sitting away from catheter. The director uses positioning to show the feeling of Isolation. The director uses this aspect to communicate the beginning of separation between there friendships.They all feel guilty because they had decided not to play the trick on George anymore, because they started to feel sorry for him, but Marty choose otherwise. The director uses the lighting of a blue filter across the screen to show that this a sad moment and everything has been completely messed up. The sounds of Violins and soft music in the background gives us that felling that everything is changing for the worst and that their relationships will probably never be the same again.Also the aspect of lighting and sound links into the theme of separation and contributes to the mood because up to this point there group was always collective, but are now separate. Now they all have different decisions on what happens to George. Some want to bury him and the others want to confess and go to the police so they don't look guilty. After George dies it goes all silent and that's when it starts to et darker. The director uses dialogue and close ups in the scene where Millie runs off and Sam follows her. We hear the dialogue between the m â€Å"Buck you. † â€Å"We can never be forgiven for what we did. We see a the close up of Mile's face and how scared and traumatized she Is. The director uses these aspects to show us how much Millie has changed from the start, when she was day dreaming about her date with Sam. She seemed so innocent and was only concerned about what she was going to talk to Sam about on her date. Millie was the only one who didn't know of the plan until they got to the river. So there Is a sense of betrayal between her and Sam. This shows how murder can change the way people feel and their relationships can be affected in a situation like this.I think the director is trying to show us how people deal with guilt. Millie try's to blame Sam, Sam try's to blame Marty. But really they are all to blame, they were all apart of It. The director uses sound and close ups in the scene where they are paddling back to 1 OFF paddles hitting the water. The director uses the sound of water to remind us that they are surrounded by water, that water is what killed George and they can't get way from what they did. We also see close ups of each of their faces one at a time. We know that each character is going through conflicting emotions.There is no eye contact or emotion between each other. Their faces look exhausted and pale, some with tears down their face. The director uses these aspects to show and communicate the feeling of guilt and disbelief. It almost gives you a sick feeling in the pit of your stomach. The nonexistent dialogue between each other shows the breakdown In their relationships and makes us wonder what they're thinking and feeling. This for me was one of the most powerful scenes throughout the movie, because I know nothing could be the same again.Lighting is used in the scene where they're driving back from the river and its all dark and silent. It gives off a gloomy, uneasy feel almost like that what they're feeling inside and that's being portrayed through the l ighting of the scene. The director used this aspect to communicate the change in all their relationships between one another, because as seen in the start of the movie the lighting is bright and there is lots of color to give Off nice, relaxed vibe. So the darkness and lack of light gives us he feeling that their relationships have somewhat deteriorated since earlier that day.It also shows the passing of time as it was daylight at the start of their trip and now its evening. This could symbolize not only the end of the day, but the end of Georges life. Also the loss of their innocence. In conclusion he director has communicated the theme of the change in all of their friend/relationships throughout the movie with the help of these four aspects, lighting, sound, camera shots and dialogue. I think this film helped me realize that because of a little mistake made by someone, can or will change your life forever. By Messiah Wales

Analysis And Recommendations Managing People Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3083 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? According to the results operations management of both companies need to recognize the crucial role and importance of people management in the success of company. Recruitment process: Management of both companies need to bring some changes in recruitment process. They should advertise the jobs in other community newspapers because airport newspapers are mostly approachable to the people only working within the airport. This tends to create a trend of people moving from one company to another and reduces healthy competition. People with fresh ideas and talent remain behind due to lack of information. If the jobs are advertised externally then the firms would have a larger pool of talent to select the candidates and this would ultimately lead to increase in the quality of work. Time scale is very important factor in the recruitment process. From the primary research it is gathered that time scale is a negative aspect within the recruitment process of both companies. Management of both companies should consider this issue as a priority and need to take some bold steps to reduce the time period between the person applying for job and the person starting the wo rk. In AIS time period is between 4 to 5 months and in I-Sec time period is between 1 to 2 months. I-Sec Limited has hired an external company for reference check thats why their total recruitment process duration reduced. AIS Limited may also need to follow this approach to reduce their duration of recruitment. The management of AIS Limited needs to review their policy of interview. They should arrange the second interview with operational manager and duty manager as the selected candidate is expected to work closely with operational manager and duty manager. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analysis And Recommendations Managing People Business Essay" essay for you Create order Training: Operations management of both companies are providing different courses to their employees to improve their skills but they still need to do more work in this area. Both companies are providing Level 1 Training to each staff member. Level 1 training is very basic training to enter in aviation security. It is basic necessity from DFT (Department of transport) to pass this exam with 85% marks. Management need to arrange the exam in a more strict fashion so only capable candidates are selected , secondly they should arrange refreshers course after every year for revision purposes and updated standards/laws so the employees are aware of the latest development within the industry, Management needs to understand the role of both types of training (on-job off-job) in the success of the company. Management should provide the staff on-job training for each post as they would be expected to undertake this role on their own. It is suggested that initially one experienced staff or super visor should work with them at least for a whole a day on one post. In this way new staff will gain the required confidence and perform the duty according to the requirements. Secondly management should send their staff on different seminars and lectures arranged by different organizations on the topic of aviation industry and security requirements or any topic related to aviation industry or security. It will improve their skills and capabilities which will be ultimately prove successful for the company. Motivation: Motivation is internal processes which direct behaviour (Naylor, 2002). Management should understand the importance of motivation if they aim to direct employees efforts towards recognizing the objectives and success of the company. Both companies need to develop a framework for motivation of the employees. It was noticed that key staff members were leaving AIS Limited because of lack of motivation. In I-Sec Limited, similar situation was observed however motivation was marginally better Company management need to introduce the culture of promotions, bonus and annual increments. They need to develop the environment of appreciation and recognition. Management should try to empower the employees which motivate the employees to achieve the company goals. Management should introduce rewards on individual performances and distribution of rewards should be fair. Leadership: Management of both companies must provide strong leadership if they are to succeed in long term. The lack of leadership is felt at a time when companies are in the process of adopting new procedures but are taking time to implement because managers have no direct communication channel with employees. Manager should be the combination of leader and administrator if companies are to succeed and achieve higher ranking within the industry. Unfortunately both companies have lot of managers but no leader. Leader should be a role model for followers so they can learn belief and admire. Leader can motivate the staff towards company objectives which and in some way this influences the performance of the organization. Biggest obstruction against the innovation in company is creating the interest and belief of people toward this change. Only good leadership can encourage the employees and satisfy them about their concerns. Job Design: Job design is about how we structure individuals jobs and the workplace or environment in which they work and their interface with the technology they use (Slack et al 2004). Management of both companies needs to consider and pay attention towards the relationship between employee and job during the process of design the job. They should consider these factors during this process. Job Rotation: Management of both companies needs to encourage and understand the concept and approach of job rotation. Moving the staff from one post to another is beneficial for both employee and the management. Job rotation of employees will increase skill flexibility which is useful for company in case of shortage of staff, management can overcome this problem because staff will be capable to work on other post when needed due to absence of the other staff and this in turn increases the worth of employee Job enlargement enrichment: Management should try to enlarge and enrich the job perfor med by a person. If one agent remains whole day at on one post then he/she is likely to be bored and inactive at that the position which will automatically affect the performance. Both companies management need to adopt the policy of job rotation and enrichment. Secondly management needs to give its staff the required authority and allow them to take decisions if any problem is faced. Taking this approach will help increase employees confidence and performance will improve which indirectly will improve the performance of the company. Organization culture: Organizational culture is the system of shared actions, values, and beliefs that develop within an organization and guide the behavior of its members (Hunt.J.G Osborn.R.N). Management of both companies needs to establish a friendly culture in the organizations. Management of both companies should create an open and flexible culture so sharing necessary information is easy. Communal culture would be better for both companies. This type of culture is a combination of both performance and friendship. People have good relations with each others, like and help each other but maintain their focus on their task and goal. This type of culture is suitable for success of company. Improve Team Effectiveness: Companies need to move forward by leaving away the concept of person-specific and by adopting the concept of team leadership. This concept should reflect in their planning, coordination, vision and utilization of resources by the leader. Additionally in their internal control system and in the procedure of work flow which deal in crises and provides high level of teamwork, output and communication. Companies need to understand and motivate the processes of team development. Secondly to ensure their structure, goals, vision and approach towards exceptional changes in combined objective and goal achievement. Companies need to accomplish best practice to describe organizational task and objectives. Operations Management of both companies need to recognize Strengths and weaknesses of individual team members. The needs of individual and provide this opportunity to the organization. The need of coaching in order to solve problems within the team and to increase their level of motivation, flexibility and develop new combinations of teams. Establish an infrastructure for Performance monitoring and continuous improvement. Decision making: Decision making processes are heart of management activity in business world thats why management needs to recognize its importance in the success of the company. In both companies the decisions are taken at upper level. Management need to take some steps for the success of company. Management should establish a decision making process. Manage a decision making team which include the members of all the departments. Before final decision, management should consider all the suggestions. Before implement the decision, management should take in confidence all the employees. Management needs to follow the different methods for decision making. 1): Break-even analysis 2): Preference matrix 3): Decision theory 4): Decision tree Management can take help from break-even analysis method to specify the alteration required in demand or volume earlier than second option become more enhanced for the company or organization instead of first one. Preference matrix hel ps the management in decision making process to deal with different options instead to access on a single measure of merit. Decision theory helps the management when the conclusions are indecisive to select the best choice. Decision tree method helps the management when there are relations between todays and tomorrows decisions and incidents means todays decision can be effected by any incident happen tomorrow in other words decisions are made in sequence. Employee involvement: Employee involvement in decision making process can play a crucial role in success of company. This can happen by transferring knowledge, information and power down towards lower level. It is the responsibility of management to design such infrastructure in which employee involvement and commitment to the organization can be developed. Companies should recognize the importance of this factor in the success and improvement in overall business. Suggestion schemes and quality circles are the two ways of achieving this aim. Suggestion schemes: Suggestion scheme will be fruitful approach to involve the employees in decision making process. Management need to introduce and establish suggestion schemes. The main aim of these schemes should to encourage employees to come up with their suggestions and ideas. Management need to consider these ideas and suggestions during their decision making process and planning for future carefully and also on a good and profitable suggestion should be rewarded. Quality circles: Management need to introduce groups around 8 or 10 people from different contracts and provide them opportunity to meet weekly for on hour where they can discuss and solve different problems which they are facing on daily basis rather than making suggestions and wait for others to consider . It is the responsibility of the management to provide training to these groups about new skills like problem investigation, how to work and behave in groups, how to solve problem and implement new ideas and how to develop innovation and creativity. Need to provide them powers to implement their solutions. Empowered supervisors: Supervisor is the leader of the team and should be able to anticipate and react positively towards problems and guide the staff in terms of approach and dedication to the job. For those purposes supervisor should be empowered and have authority to take decisions. Operations management of both companies need to empowered their supe rvisors in terms of decision making. Planning and control: Planning selects the direction and points the organization along the route; control ensures that the direction is maintained (Naylor, 2002). Operations Management of both companies needs to recognize the critical role of planning and control in the success of the company. Both companies need to do much work in this area. Both companies have different airlines contract on Heathrow airport related to security and customer services. Companies have to provide the security to the aircraft during the stay on Heathrow airport. Mostly airlines flights come with in gap of 30 Minutes or 1 hour and flights stay 2 to 3 hours on the ground. So both companies needed lot of staff at the same time to manage this situation. Most of the airlines always complain about mismanagement and short of staff. Management needed a lot of planning and control to over come this situation. Management required taking bold steps and developing a system for planning which provide the framework for control. Management should understand the concept of reconciliation of supply and demand in terms of timing, quality and volume. Management need to take some bold steps to improve the communication skills of their employee by arranging different courses or by sending their staff to different institutions for attending communication skills lectures. Within the recruitment process they should introduce some basic level of education requirement. Management needs to put an emphasis on the strategy and its implementation. Empowered the in-charges and produce good planners should be the part of strategy. Operations Management of both companies needs to understand the basic requirements before making a plan They should be clear about their goal or objectives. Make a list of actions. Investigate, prioritize and reduce Translate the list into a plan Monitoring and implementation of plan Analysis of plan on regularly basis Operations management needs to understand the reason behind a plan. Uncertain conditions become the basis to create a plan. In business environment these uncertain conditions are the part of it. The basic motive behind these plans is to identify the ambiguity and its different solutions. How to improve management control systems: Control system is essential for any company or organization to coordinate and control the activities of different departments, sections and divisions. Most control systems are inefficient or fail because they are past-action-oriented. Setting Performance standards: Management should set the performance standard with the input from the employees because ultimately their performance is the main goal to achieve and measured. Management should keep in mind that these standards should be achievable and acceptable to individuals because they have to accomplish. The targets can be difficult but should be in range of capabilities of employees. Because high standards de-motivate the staff and efforts towards the goal are not effective. Managers should also consider number of standards which are applicable because too many standards can cause confusion as the employees will not be able to give full attention. Measure and compare actual with planned results: After setting the standards the second important factor is to measure and compare actual with. The management should take into account the input from the employee for selection of person. In most cases employees do not think the person who is performing this duty is the best this could be due to variety of reasons such as trust, impartially and the overall knowledge. Evaluate results, give feedback and coach: Management needs to establish the results by forecasting and assessing the absentees, accidents and employee turnover which can be used as early warning, so company will be prepare for specific actions in advance but assessing should be compared carefully done against the competency. Management should be ready for deviation which can be in positive or negative. In case of negative deviation management needs to take proper action but in case of positive deviation management should give reward to the employees for that. Management should provide coaching to the employees in the framework of control system. Take corrective action: Management needs to take corrective action after receiving warnings in terms of forecasting or predictions even it changes the standards, plans, and goals. Management needs to consider the employees during the process of changing in goals, plans and standards because they are on front line and are most affected. The management needs to understand that planning control system will be successful until the corrective actions are taken. Work Quality measurement: Work measurement means to find out the time required to complete a job or task. Time factor has very important role in the success of any company. It is the responsibility of the management to monitor the time factor required for any specific job or task. Operations Management needs to Plan the work for the employee. Plan and decide the number of workers required to complete the certain job. Plan which job should be allocated to which employee or decide which employee is suitable for certain job. Manage a criterion to calculate the performance of the worker. Plan the incentive in terms of bonus on efficiency of the worker. Management need to set the standard time for a particular job which will be the time taken by an experienced worker not the time taken by certain individual. Management should establish work measurement system which helps in planning, controlling, improve performance and supervision, increase productivity and reduce labour cost. Managem ent should understand the objective of work measurement which is to calculate the work load in an operation in terms of requirement of time, number of workers and efficiency. Management needs to develop awareness about department for transport (DFT) and British airways authority (BAA) and their functions. Management needs to guide and prepare the staff to face these authorities when they came to check their quality of work. Rating: This method based on direct observation and is conversion process of observed time into the time taken by a qualified worker at standard level maintain by the company. Management needs to select proper trained staff for the supervision of this process and manage different courses on regularly basis to update their training. Allowances: Allowance means provide an additional time to the worker to recover from the fatigue during working a complete shift of 8 hours is called as allowance and its amount depend upon the environment in which worker is working and secondly job nature. The operations management needs to provide the allowance to the workers on daily basis on fixed time with fix inter. Management should not use this allowance as a compensation for unhealthy and unsafe environment of working.  Quality measurement: Management of both companies needs to understand the importance of quality factor and need to take bold steps to improve the quality of services which they are providing to their different clients. Management needs to promote the quality awareness in the employees as well as throughout the company. Management needs to introduce quality tools in the organization like run chart, histogram, cause and effect diagram, check sheetÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦..etc. Management should recognize that quality of services can affect the performance of organization in terms of productivity and loss of business. Management needs to develop a method of inspection means compare the quality with standard. Secondly need to define the inspection procedure of the company i.e. how much and how may times, at which level or locationÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦etc. Management needs to find the causes of poor quality and find out the ways to correct th e causes.